Współczesne wahania koniunkturalne w Niemczech i w Polsce

The processes of cyclical fluctuations occur both in market economies and in the systems under transformation. Fluctuations in the countries where transformation is in progress develop in different institutional, political and social conditions. The level of economic growth in those countries is lower and long-term changes in the sphere of ownership and in the structure of sectors play a different role. The aim of these studies is an empirical analysis of the morphology of contemporary cyclical fluctuations occurring in the German economy, which has well developed market structures, and in Poland - where profound changes of the system are in progress. The conducted empirical analysis proves that in the 1990s cyclical fluctuations occurred both in the German and in the Polish economies. The morphological features of fluctuations in the Polish economy highly resemble the properties of the growth cycle. This statement is justified by the length of the cycle, the relation between the favourable and unfovourable phase of business conditions as well as by the amplitude of the phases and the whole cycle. This may mean that business conditions processes occurring in the Polish economy result (as regards the external symptoms of the fluctuations) in the effects similar to those, which can be observed, in highly developed market economies.