O subiektywnej fenomenologii Jana Patočki

In the paper the author would like to draw the readers’ attention to some aspects of Jan Patočka’s philosophical position. The Czech philosopher, a disciple of Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger, developed his own original version of phenomenology. In his approach he severely criticized Husserl’s idealistic position, which in Patočka’s opinion was directly connected with Cartesian subjectivist heritage. One can say that he defended a version of phenomenology called a-subjective phenomenology, in which he tried to combine elements of Husserl’s and Heidegger’s positions. In the paper the author presents and analyses the main lines of the Patočka’s phenomenology, focusing on the themes such as epochē, the reduction, the new way of understanding phenomena, and freedom and responsibility.