PROBLEMS OF R&D RESULTS UTILIZATION: HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE OF CREATION AND INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS (Russian title - below)

(Title in Rusian - 'Problemy ispolsovaniya rezultatov NIOKR: istoricheskaya retrospectiva sozdaniya i promyshlennogo proizvodstva sinteticheskikh almazov'). In 2010 Ukraine launched a new phase of reforms on the way to the knowledge-based economy. Apart from addressing of European and Asian experiences, national experiences of 60-80s of the past century, being the period of rapid high tech development in the former USSR, should be possibly recollected, addressed and used. Successful production of synthetic diamonds was one of the main events of the science and technology revolution of XX century, leading to humans' recognition of the role of science as an effective productive force of the modernity. An account of creation of the theory for artificial diamonds and early developments for their mass-scale production in laboratory conditions by scientists from the USA, Sweden and the USSR is given. Brief biographies of the Soviet scientists I.I.Leipunsky, L.F.Vereschaguin and V.M.Bakul, and their contributions to the creation and industrial production of synthetic diamonds and other superhard materials in the USSR are given. The role of the Institute for Superhard Materials (headed by V.M.Bakul) in launching mass-scale production of synthetic diamonds in many cities located across the USSR is emphasized. Several factors underlying successful scientific-trechnological solutions for the diamond synthesis purposes in 60-80s are outlined.