Language and discourse as a subject of Martin Heidegger’s hermeneutic phenomenology

Peculiarities of consideration of the language and discourse issue by “early” M. Heidegger, namely within the limits of his hermeneutic phenomenology project (such an approach is isolated from the philosophy of language by “late” M. Heidegger) have been studied in the article. It is shown that next to the existentials of “disposedness” and “understanding” there arises the existential of «discourse» as a key to comprehension of socio-cultural and historical conditionality of Dasein. Particularly, an emphasis is made on such aspects of discourse as listening and silence (closely related to conscience) and, on the other hand, the attention is focused on the distortion of discourse in the idle talk act as inauthentic mode of human being. It is proven that the attempts of interpreting the position of “early” M. Hei deg ger as “linguistic pragmatism” are the unjustifiable extreme.