PRZEKŁAD NAZW GEOGRAFICZNYCH W „PODRÓŻY DOOKOŁA ŚWIATA” JURIJA LISIANSKIEGO (1803–1806)

THE TRANSLATION OF GEOGRAPHIC NAMES IN YURI LISIANSKY’S “A VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD” (1803–1806) This article deals with the translation of geographical names into Polish in “A Voyage Round the World” (1803–1806) by Yuri Lisiansky. It also discusses the role of Lisiansky’s journal as an onomastic source for Alaska. Today’s geographic nomenclature of the world differs significantly from the nomenclature used in the journal. The majority of names are spelled differently today, for example, Whampoa (currently Huangpu), or have fallen out of use, for example, Nossa Senhora Desterro (currently Florianópolis). Only 20% of the toponyms (endonyms and exonyms) referring to three hundred geographic objects function today in unchanged form. Efforts were made so that the adaptation of the nomenclature would make it easier for the reader to locate the places named. Toward this goal, a compromise was sought between translation oriented toward the recipient and toward the source: 1) name spellings were modernized, 2) historical names were preserved, and the current counterparts are given in arentheses, 3) foreign names were translated that the author had translated into Russian, and the current counterparts are given in parentheses, 4) semantically transparent names given by Russians in Alaska are translated, and their current English names are given in parentheses.