Reforms and Challenges in Spain: The Renewed Two–Pronged Approach

With its high level of youth unemployment and a disproportionately low number of medium–level qualified young people, the promotion of VET became a policy priority in 2010s Spain. Analyzing the main traits of the system, the effect of recent reforms on its performance, and the pending challenges is the aim of this paper. The system consists of two branches: Professional Training (PT), within the educational system, and Professional Training for Employment (PTE), within the active labor market policies system. PT is perceived as a second option for poor performance students, with the majority of students opting for the academic track instead, which has led to a low percentage of medium–level qualified workers. PTE has a limited capacity to provide training services to the high proportion of unemployed workers, and has a low impact on employability. Recent reforms are trying to improve both tracks of VET by increasing the role of employers.

Wysoki poziom bezrobocia wśród młodzieży oraz nieproporcjonalnie niska liczba średnio wykwalifikowanych młodych ludzi, propagowanie systemu kształcenia i szkolenia zawodowego (Vocational Education and Training – VET) stało się priorytetem polityki władz hiszpańskich w drugiej dekadzie XXI wieku. Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza głównych cech tego systemu, jak również wpływu przeprowadzonych w ostatnim czasie reform na jego efektywność oraz oczekujących na rozwiązanie kwestii.

The polish version of this article was published on free CD added to the paper version HRM(ZZL)_2016_6(113)