Badania technologii budowlanej świątyń wieżowych Czamów

The work presents results of the studies on ceramic material used to build a D-5 tower (after Permentier), which have been undertaken in order to define the raw-material applied to make briaks, to determine a phase composition of ceramic elements and employed adhesives combining them, certain parameters of the process of baking as well as to determine a technique of preparing binding agents and joint making. Some physical properties of bricks have also been specified. The studies were made by means of the following research methods: optical microscopy, sca n ning microscopy. X-ray diffraction, thermic differential a n a lysis and absorption spectrophotometry in IR. O n the basis of the results presented it has been found out that the basic raw-material used to prepare ceramic mass and binding agents was il lite clay. The process of brick baking was done at temperature higher than 540°C but lower than 1000°C. The bricks' joining was based on i I lite clay treated thermicolly at temp, over 540°C. The following hypotheses have been put forward with regard to making the binding agents: the binding a gent was prepared on the basis of ground, previously partially burnt ceramic. Another technique was roasting the loam direct prior to binding, or baked briaks were combined with loam solution into b igge r blocks to be later kilned. It is not unlikely that the tower was kilned already after its construction in order to give the interior a character of dimness and mysteriousness for worshippers and at the same time to improve technical properties of joints. Studies on Constructional technologies employed in building the C hams ' towers should be completed with field and ge ological studies at positioning deposites of iHite loams. In addition to this, it is necessary to carry out comparative studies on similar ceramic structures in Viet-Nam and e.g. in India.