Przywódcy charyzmatyczni. Założyciel Niebiańskiego Kościoła Chrystusa - jako przykład ukazujący rolę przywódców w nowych ruchach religijnych w Afryce

In the new religious movements created in Africa at the beginning of the 20th century, one can distinguish three types of leaders: a chief, a prophet, and a messiah. The type of a chief occurs mainly in communities formed following the secession from the missionary Churches. The type of a prophet appears in the communities dominated by the native components. The idea of a messiah and messianism comes from the Bible. The leaders have a decisive influence on the community, they give character, profile and cohesion to their group. Samuel B. Oschoffa, the founder of "The Celestial Church of Christ" is an example of this kind of leader. He got a vision and that vision changed him and inspired him to establish a new Church in Porto Novo in Benin. In short time this Church became popular, grew very rapidly and spread to Nigeria and other African countries and later on to Europe. There were many factors that made this Church so lively. The most important was its charismatic leader. Another factor was the stress put on the community. People, who felt lonely, lost, confused, disappointed with the missionary Church run to this new Church. There they found the sense of belonging, protection and security. Their services were very attractive because of lively singing, drumming and dancing, speaking in tongues. Prophet Oschoffa was in fact a great leader for the people who experienced humiliation, disappointments. He is an example of new generation of charismatic leaders in the period of fast growth of many communities or Churches in Africa and in other parts of the world.