Класифікація політичного протесту

In this article, the author makes an attempt to classify the phenomenon of political protest and defines the main features of its each type. The subject of political protest in the scientific field of Ukraine is less explored. Based on analysis of various cases of political actionism, the researcher summarizes its main features. The author also illustrates theoretical constructs by examples from political life in Ukraine and abroad. The purpose of this article is to mark out the forms of political protest based on criteria affecting its essential characteristics. To achieve this objective, the researcher has used the following methods: event analysis, lookback study, structural-functional method, comparative method, systematic approach and others. Political process is mainly classified due to bipolar feature. Due to activity-part, political protest falls into active and passive. Due to preliminary preparation, political protest falls into planned and spontaneous one. Due to tactics and leverages, political protests may be conventional (legal) and unconventional (illegal). It is important to understand that citizens use different types of political protest in case, when traditional possibilities for political participation have been exhausted or are ineffective. Depending on external conditions and resources, the protest is able to be transformed from one form to another one by changing protest tools and sometimes also by changing original objectives towards radicalization or towards softening the requirements.