Wpływ obfitości surowców energetycznych na politykę gospodarczą Rosji

The study aims to present the relationship between the abundance of raw materials and the dynamics of economic growth on the example of Russia. The wealth of raw materials is generally believed to translate into the wealth and prosperity of society. However, the potential of raw materials is not always reflected in economic growth, as the example of Russia confirms. Although the country has substantial deposits of oil and the world’s largest gas reserves, its development remains at a relatively low level as measured by per capita GDP. It turns out that a monoculture of raw materials sometimes impedes economic and social policy, and can cause economic stagnation, passivity and a lack of initiative. The article shows the potential of the energy resources in the USSR and the Russian Federation (RF), its role in the economic development of the country and the RF’s foreign policy as well. Focus is placed on economic strategy with regard to the oil and gas sector and the resulting consequences for Russia, and the opportunities and threats to economic and social policy that result from the ownership of oil and gas. The article also examines how the management of revenue flows from sales of oil and gas, the changes that have taken place in Russia on energy boom as a result of the collapse on the energy market in 2008 and the effectiveness of the tactics chosen by the government. The article concludes with a presentation of measures Russia could take to increase the efficiency of its economy and the influx of petrodollars for rational land use in the future, for the sake of the country’s long-term and sustainable development.