ПРАКТИКО-ОРІЄНТОВАНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ МЕТОДИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ БІОЛОГІЇ

The article reveals the essence of practical-oriented approach to methodological preparation of future teachers of biology. It is established that such approach has been realized in foreign countries, but it isn’t widely used in Ukraine. The essence of the practice-oriented approach has several positions. Some scientists believe that the practice-oriented approach involves organizing education, industrial and pre-diploma students’ practice with the aim of immersion into the professional environment. Other scholars consider the main effectiveness of implementation of the vocational-oriented learning technologies that contribute to form the students’ important traits for future careers. The purpose of the article is to identify the effective practical-oriented learning technologies in methodological preparation of future teachers of biology. It is stressed that different kinds of practices (propedeutic, educational, productive) provide an opportunity to the student to confirm the correctness of the chosen profession, to observe how the teachers-professionals work, to acquire professional experience, to develop the necessary practical skills. Survey that was conducted among university teachers in Ukraine gave reason to approve that the most common technologies in methodological preparation of future teachers of biology are interactive technologies, design technologies, multimedia technologies and problem-based learning technologies. However, such technologies as contextual technology training, case-technology, research technology, technology portfolio, technology workshops are underutilized. The technologies that contribute to the realization of professional students’ activity during their studies at higher education institution are known as professionally oriented. These technologies refer to the contextual education technology, design technology, case technology, interactive technology, problem-based learning technology, technology of portfolio, technology of workshops and others. The author determined the common features of professionally-oriented technologies (performance, motivation to the profession, the formation of practical skills, cognitive activation of students, and development of methodological thinking of students). The conclusions about the effectiveness of practice-oriented technologies have been made.