Современное польское и русское языкознание в свете социологии науки

The paper deals with the description of linguistic knowledge using the theory of paradigms. The author focuses on two aspects of linguistic paradigms: the integration and the differential, highlighting the diversity of research directions in modem linguistics. The method proposed by the author is based on the assumptions of the sociology of science, according to which linguistics is regarded as a social system. Within the new scientific discipline described as linguistic sociology, a complex of the research procedures is expected, such as bibliometric analysis, analysis of public opinion, thematic analysis of journals, scientific sessions, grant policy analysis, analysis of academic and educational programmes of language learning, etc.