Philosophical foundations of education – S. Hessen and F. Znaniecki

The article analyses the works of F. Znaniecki and S. Hessen in the context of mod-ern philosophical and pedagogical reflections. The author formulates a thesis about the cur-rent sense of their considerations for the idea of Europeanism in relation to the education area. The text constitutes an opposition towards one-dimensional, extreme, conservative or nationalistic attitudes, portraying Europeanism as a threat to national traditions. The author places a great role in the concepts of spiritualization and humanization. In this context, he postulates to predicate education on a philosophical ground between universalism and empiricism.