Korzystanie z klauzuli sumienia jako realizacja wolności wewnętrznej czy/i zewnętrznej

The article is devoted to analysis of the problem of normative source of conscientious objection which is the external element (externum forum) of freedom of conscience and religion. At the same time it demonstrates that the source of protection of an individual’s beliefs is the internal element (internal forum), which the public authority can not infringe. The author also points out the scope of the human right to conscientious objection and claims that it should have a subsidiary character, be limited to justified cases, as well as seek to protect the interests confined in the systems of natural law or positive law.