ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД УПРАВЛІННЯ ТАЛАНТАМИ У ВИЩОМУ НАВЧАЛЬНОМУ ЗАКЛАДІ: ВИТОКИ Й СУЧАСНІСТЬ

The article is devoted to foreign experience of talent management in higher education institution as an innovative activity. In the article talent management is defined as a set of tools of personnel management, which enable organizations to attract, use effectively, and retain employees who make significant contributions to the development of the organization. The historical origins of talent management as part of development of the theory of human resources are described. It is defined that the term “talent management” began to be used in 50-ies of the XXth century that was characterized by the development of large corporations because small firms, which functioned until that time, despite small number of workers, did not have objective needs in talent management. Two models of talent management in the process of historical development are characterized, namely external and internal talent management. The factors that influence development of talent management in the sphere of higher education (increasing competition between higher education institutions; necessity of nurturing talent within the education institution; need to address staffing issues in the future; problems of recruitment and retention faced by the universities; demographic changes and changes in the external labour market; lack of qualified personnel; underutilization of the experience and capacity of current workforce) are revealed. The advantages of implementing talent management in higher education institution (reducing the cost of employing staff due to a reduction in staff turnover; effective knowledge management and knowledge transfer; provision of modern services and modern products; creation of competitive advantage; reduction of risks in employment; improvement of relations with clients (consumers of educational services); maintenance of personnel potential at the proper level) are analyzed. The strategies for talent management in higher education is defined, namely: talent management for institutional development; relationship of talent management with new projects of a higher education institution or its departments; relationship of talent management with institutional efficiency; relationship of talent management with institutional innovation.