Norweski model demokracji przemysłowej

The Norwegian model of industrial democracy was not developed until the seventies although processes of developing this democracy had begun much earlier- The Norwegian Labour Party and the trade union federation on the one hand and the confederation of employers on the other exerted the biggest influence on development of just such a model. Its essence boils down, first of all, to various forms of workers' control over ownership. A basic role in the Norwegian model is played by the indirect democracy forms. Among them are works councils composed of the same number of workers' and management's representatives. These are typically advisory bodies aiming primarily at improvement of the enterprise's economic effectiveness. . Workers' representatives constitute one third of their members. Empirical studies point at their restricted role in the decision-making process, and it especially refers to the enterprise's assembly, as th eir activity is overshadowed by that of trade unions.