Moral Aspects of Instruction and Education in the Lvov-Warsaw School

This article presents the educational and culture-forming impact of the Lvov-Warsaw School as a specific scientific and educational environment focused not only on shaping its scientific and research programme, but also on the moral aspects of upbringing and education. At the School, special attention was given to the precision of expression by emphasizing the postulate of clarity in thought and word, logical correctness, and methods of doing science in an objective, impartial, reliable and critical manner. Tolerance and freedom were two key principles respected by members of the School in conducting and publishing scientific research. The most important element of the relationship between the founder of the Lvov-Warsaw School, Kazimierz Twardowski, and his students was the teacher’s charisma combined with camaraderie, which resulted in the pedagogical success of both the founder of the School and his students. However, Twardowski did not impose any specific philosophical doctrine on his pupils; rather, he taught them, above all, clear and critical thinking. This specific philosophical minimalism became an essential element of the concept of philosophy practised in his school.