Wariantywność dziewiętnastowiecznych nazwisk piotrkowian

The anthroponymic material analyzed in this article comes from “The Dictionary of Surnames of Piotrków Trybunalski and its Surroundings Residents in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries” edited by Elżbieta Piotrowicz, Agnieszka Raszewska-Klimas and Lidia Pacan-Bonarek. There are three main groups of anthroponyms among variative forms of surnames such as 1) morphological variants; 2) graphic variants; 3) phonetic variants. Both linguistic and non-linguistic phenomena influenced the use of various forms of the surnames. The anthroponymic variants developed under the influence of cultural factors – a sign of the interpenetration of cultures and different naming systems; historical factors – the reflection of orthography and spelling in the nineteenth century; dialectal factors – the impact of dialectal features belonging to different dialects; and onomastic factors.