Preface

Dear Readers, We have the pleasure of presenting to you the following  issue of our research journal entitled “Research Papers in Economics and Finance” (REF), published by the Faculty of Economics at Poznań University of Economics and Business. Caring about the highest level of the content of our publications, we publish only the manuscripts which have passed at least two reviews under the “peer review” procedure, after initial verification done by the Editorial Committee. The articles published within REF are available online in English and in an open mode.