Come tradurre la metafora? Analisi cognitiva delle espressioni metaforiche nell’originale e nelle traduzioni di “Brave New World” di Aldous Huxley

Metaphor, although by many still associated exclusively with poetic and artistic language, is a ubiquitous phenomenon. According to Lakoff and Johnson (1980), it plays a key role in understanding of the world. Metaphors, the use of which we often do not realise, also facilitate everyday communication. The aim of this research is to answer the question: in what way metaphors change in the process of translation? The analysis covers selected examples of metaphorical expressions taken from the original novel by Aldous Huxley “A Brave New World” in English, and its translations in Italian and in Polish. The comparison of the three language versions is intended to show similarities and differences both on the lexical and cognitive levels, as well as to identify the translation techniques used.