Instruments Inducing the Cooperation of Members of Organised Criminal Groups with Law Enforcement Authorities in Polish Criminal Law – Article 60(3) and Article 259 of the Polish Criminal Code

The article is devoted to the analysis of instruments used to induce cooperation of members of organised criminal groups with law enforcement authorities. The most important regulations relating to this problem in terms of substantive criminal law are Article 60(3) and Article 259 of the Criminal Code. The article presents selected problems of interpretation of both provisions, the problem of their possible concurrence and also indicates the reasons why particularly Article 259 of the CC, despite the fact that it provides for complete impunity of the perpetrator, is not very often used in practice. This is because the benefits offered by it do not cover, which is fully justified, individual offences committed by an offender who is a member of a criminal group.  Attention was also drawn to other criminal law and procedural institutions with similar functions, including in particular the institution of a crown witness.