The Influence of Various Modifications of Hazelnut Shell Flour as Potential Filler in Plywood Technology

This study explores the potential of various modifications of hazelnut shell flour as eco-friendly fillers in plywood technology. The modifications investigated include the preparation of activated carbon from hazelnut shells, delignification, and the use of native hazelnut shell flour. Each filler was incorporated into plywood formulations and compared with conventional rye flour filler. The primary focus was on evaluating the mechanical properties of the resulting plywood, specifically the modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE). Additionally, the study assessed the density profile, bonding quality, internal bond strength, and screw withdrawal resistance of the plywood samples. The results indicated that the modification of hazelnut shell flour significantly influenced the mechanical and physical properties of the plywood. Plywood samples containing activated carbon demonstrated enhanced MOR and MOE compared to those with native hazelnut shell flour, indicating improved structural integrity. Delignification further contributed to the enhancement of internal bond strength and screw withdrawal resistance, suggesting better adhesion and compatibility with resin matrices. The density profile analysis revealed a more uniform distribution of filler within the plywood matrix, leading to improved overall performance. The findings highlight the viability of using modified hazelnut shell flour as a sustainable alternative filler in plywood production. This research not only addresses the need for eco-friendly materials in wood-based composites but also contributes to waste reduction by utilizing agricultural by-products. The results suggest promising applications for modified hazelnut shell flour in the plywood industry, paving the way for further investigations into its long-term durability and performance characteristics.