Wykorzystanie archiwalnych zdjęć lotniczych oraz współczesnej ortofotomapy do oceny zmian warunków formowania się opadu efektywnego w Kielcach w latach 1944-2014

In the paper, results of the effective rainfall conditions changes analysis between 1944 and 2014 in two urban catchments in Kielce is present. The objective was achieved by detailed land cover changes analysis based on archival US Air Force aerial photographs from 1944 and contemporary ortophoto from 2014. In order to identify the hydrological consequences of land cover changes the Soil Conservation Service Runoff Curve Number (CN) method was used. The analysis was conducted using QGIS and SAGA GIS software. Research has shown major land cover changes in both catchments - decline of arable land and significant increase of impermeable surfaces such as roofs, roads, pavements, parking lots and squares (from 7.5 to 44.3 % of total SI-4 catchment area and from 10.6 to 43.3 % of total SI-5 catchment area). Those changes directly influenced the weighted CN value of the SCS method (from 76 to 80 in SI-4 catchment, from 79 to 82 in SI-5 catchment), finally leading to transform up to 50 % of the total design rainfall (0,01 %) in to the effective rainfall in the catchments.