The impact of socio-demographic and clinical factors on the quality of life and disease acceptance in patients with Crohn’s disease

Introduction: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by periodsof remission and exacerbations of varying severity. The symptoms include: abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, lossof appetite, weight loss, weakness, and changes in body temperature. Treatment is based on a combination of nutritional treatment and pharmacotherapy. Sometimes surgery can be necessary. The quality of life and disease acceptance are essential elements of the functioning of people with CD. Aim: The aim of the study is to analyze the factors affecting the quality of life and the level of disease acceptance in patients suffering from Crohn’s disease. Material and methods: The study was conducted in a group of 46 patients diagnosed with Crohn’s disease. The study was carried out using the proprietary questionnaire, AIS, and WHOQOL-BREF. Results: The study group was dominated by young people. The average age of respondents was 34.28. The quality of life and the level of CD patients’ disease acceptance were at an average level. The average score obtained by respondents in the Acceptanceof Illness Scale (AIS) was 28.37. The study revealed a significant impact of disease acceptance level on the respondents’ assessment of quality of life. Conclusions: Patients’ quality of life and level of disease acceptance are influenced by demographic factors and the clinical course of disease. Older patients after several surgeries for CD should receive more intensive psychological care. Health educationof patients with CD regarding disease, self-care, and skillful support are key in increasing the assessment of quality of life and the level of disease acceptance. Further research is required in a larger group of patients with CD subject to surgical treatment.