Potencjalny zasięg klimatyczny jodły (Abies alba Mill.) w Polsce

Numerous examples of silver fir stands growing outside its geographical range in northern Poland suggest that this species could be used in a greater extend in creation of managed forest stands. Climatic conditions could potentially constrain the use of this species in some parts of country. The objective of this work was to determine the potential climatic range of Abies alba in Poland. The bioclimatic envelope models were used to identify areas in which selected climatic variables show the same range of variability as observed within natural range of this species. Climatic data with 10' spatial resolution were used. The outcome of the analysis depends to large extent on the demarcation of natural range (in which the variability of tolerable climatic conditions is assessed). The model basing on the climatic conditions in whole natural range of silver fir in Europe suggest that almost whole area of Poland is suitable to fir, but models basing only of climatic conditions in Polish part of its natural range are much more conservative. In the last case the difference in extent between natural range and potential climatic range was smaller. As genetic variability of Polish fir populations is rather low, they are supposed to have constrained adaptative abilities. Forest managers should not focus on planting silver fir outside its natural range, but they rather should consider reintroduction of fir in parts of natural range from where it retreated in 20th century.