Methods for Treatment of Animal and Plant-Based Biomass Waste

In the work presented, effective methods of biomass processing for its reuse in the framework of the circular economy were determined. Based on various sources, a definition of biomass was obtained. The review covers preliminary operations, i.e., screening and grinding, as well as the methods of pressure and non-pressure agglomeration of plant and animal biomass, as well as the process of torrefaction of plant biomass. The analysis of the literature indicates various process and technological solutions for biomass processing, as well as provides numerous examples of the use of biomass in combination with other types of industrial waste and mineral additives. The activities undertaken as part of the work are consistent with the assumptions of the European Green Deal and are carried out in order to improve the management of waste streams (green productivity) and to increase the amount of recovered energy produced.

This paper was completed while the first author was a doctoral candidate at the Interdisciplinary Doctoral School of the Lodz University of Technology, Poland. The part of the study presented in this paper was carried out as a part of research 00/BCS/04/00/1/3/0034 and 501/9-9-1-933.