Eneolithic metal objects hoard from Kałdus, Chełmno commune, kujawsko-pomorskie voivodeship

The paper presents the results of archaeological and metallurgical research performed on a hoard of three metal objects: a double spiral ornament, a dagger and a hammer-axe. The artefacts were discovered at site 2 in Kałdus, Chełmno commune, kujawsko-pomorskie voivodeship. The objects were discovered within the Wiórek phase of a Funnel Beaker culture context. They were probably deposited into a votive pit. Typological analyses have been carried out. The relative chronology of the objects was determined by the results of typological analyses. The dagger is of Usatovo type and the typological classification of the other objects causes difficulties. The hoard is dated to the second half of the 4th millennium cal. BC. The artefacts’ chemical composition and macrostructure analyses were also performed. It has been concluded that all the objects from the hoard were made of arsenic copper with the dagger also enriched with arsenic minerals. The manufacture technique and objects’ usage traces have been recognized. Using the results of typological and chemical analyses the provenance of the hoard from Kałdus is discussed.

ill. ; 25 cm

il. ; 25 cm