Dwuletnia kliniczna obserwacja stałych zębów przednich po zabiegu replantacji u pacjentów w wieku rozwojowym

Introduction: Tooth avulsion is a condition in which the tooth loses contact with the socket, followed by rupture of periodontal structures and the neurovascular fascicle. Dental traumas of this type are between 0.5-16% of all traumatic lesions of permanent teeth and concern mostly boys aged 7-10. The dislocation occurrence, favouring factor are total malocclusions of teeth especially distocclusion with protrusion of upper incisors. The consequence of tooth loss is underdevelopment of the alveolar bone and defects of articulation and feeding. Aesthetic concerns are also not unimportant. Replantation is the accepted treatment of choice in case of avulsion, it is the repositioning of a tooth avulsed as a result of trauma into its alveolus. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe cases of completely dislocated permanent anterior teeth after replantation and a two-year clinical evaluation of treatment results. Material and methods: In three patients, aged 7-13 the replantation of completely dislocated anterior teeth was done. Outcame results after two years treatment were evaluated through clinical trial and X-ray radiography. The complications following reimplantation were described. Results: In the described cases positive results of treatment were achieved through the stabilization of replanted teeth. Conclusions: Two-year clinical observation showed however, that properly performed replantation surgery does not ensure the absence of future post treatment complications. The assessment confirmed the validity of tooth replantation after avulsion. There was also payd attention on the importance of cooperation between the patients, their guardians and physicians. The treatment success depends on: how long the tooth has been out of the socket and kept dry, kind of transport medium, time period of splinting, the age and general condition of the patient and the stage of root development of the replantated tooth. Every of these factors has an impact on complications such as: death of the pulp, obliteration of the pulp canal, ankylosis and resorption of dental tissues.