Kawasaki disease : diagnosis and follow-up by CT coronary angiography with the use of 128-slice dual source dual energy scanner : a case report

BACKGROUND: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a rare acute febrile illness due to multi-organ vasculitis. It most often affects children under five years of age. Coronary artery aneurysms are seen in about 25% of children with KD. Selective invasive coronary angiography was considered to be the gold standard for diagnosis and follow-up of coronary artery aneurysms, thrombosis and stenosis in patients with KD. Echocardiography is a non-invasive tool for imaging of this condition but it does have some limitations. Recently, a high-quality multislice CT coronary angiography has been advocated in the diagnosis of KD. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 5-year-old boy who was diagnosed with Kawasaki disease and followed up by CT coronary angiography, which provided required excellent imaging findings in the terms of the number, size and location of coronary aneurysms. CONCLUSIONS: Based on imaging results of our case it can be stated that high-quality CT coronary angiography with the use of multi-slice dual source ultra-fast scanner can be considered a better and safer non-invasive diagnostic tool, an alternative to invasive catheter selective coronary angiography in the diagnosis and long-term follow-up of patients with KD, especially when echocardiographic images are limited or technically challenging.