Resilience in the light of positive psychology : adventure education and adventure therapy

Autorka opisuje poszczególne aspekty odporności psychicznej z perspektywy psychologii pozytywnej, wyjaśniając pojęcie "koła dzielności". Przedstawia w artykule wyniki metaanalizy 36 projektów terapii przez przygodę stosowanych wobec młodzieży z grup ryzyka.

Positive psychology is the next example of the optimistic point of view of the human possibilities, similarly to salutogenetic concept. There are used such terms as character strengths and virtues. The virtue especially connected with resilience is courage understood as emotional strength, will for achieving the goals. Courage contains four strengths: perseverance as completion of chosen aims, bravery as coping with obstacles and anxiety, honesty as authentic being and vitality as experiencing of excitation and liveliness. The purpose of the paper is to present resilience in the positive psychology perspective using the Circle of Courage Concept and its implementation in adventure education and adventure therapy. Development of the four resilience factors pointed in the Circle of Courage Concept: attachment, autonomy, altruism and achievement is possible throughout meeting the universal human needs as belonging, mastery, independence and generosity. Adventure education and adventure therapy enable enhancing resilience traits in face of medium risk level situations. Active learning and dealing with challenges activate processes responsible for positive growth. Chosen educational projects and therapeutic programmes for youth have been presented in the paper.