Sposoby rozumienia "kultury" przez prymatologów

The aim of this article is to reconstruct and discuss the ways in which “culture” is defi ned in primatology. Surprisingly, this task has not yet been undertaken even within primatology, not to mention the social sciences, which should have a strong interest in new currents in studying the “cultures” of non-human primates. This paper fills an important gap in the literature on how primatologists understand “culture.” Primatologists’ approaches to “culture” are reduced to four separate typologies, each relating to a different aspect of the proposed defi nitions of “culture.” Discussing these typologies brings to light how primatologists understand “culture.” This also makes it possible to indicate the dominant view of “culture” in primatology and to point to directions of change. As will be shown, not only do certain primatologists distance themselves from the more far-reaching ideas of “cultural primatology” but even among representatives of this approach there is no one manner of defining "culture".